GLCEventUtah First ExploredOCNoteFathers Silvestre Velez de Escalante and Francisco Atanasio Dominguez seek a new route from New Mexico to California and explore Utah.[http://www.utah.org/history/ForKids/k1776.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002.Utah Claimed by Mexico?1821 Mexico wins independence from Spain and claims Utah. [http://www.utah.org/history/ForKids/k1776.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002.Colonization of Utah]The first stage of the colonization of Utah marked the founding of the north-south line of settlements along the Wasatch Front and Wasatch Plateau to the south. Colonies that were directed were planned, organized, and dispatched by leaders of the LDS Church. A colonizing company was organized and persons appointed to constitute it, and a leader appointed; and instructions were given by church leaders on the "mission" of the colony--to raise crops, herd livestock, assist Indians, mine coal, and/or serve as a way station for groups on their way to and from California. Nondirected settlements were those founded by individuals, families, and neighborhood groups without direction from ecclesiastical authority. Most of the communities along the Wasatch Front were of this type. As the land in established communities was settled, and the available water preempted, young men, upon their marriage, would look for another place to locate.^http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/c/COLONIZATION.html Taken from the Internet, February 17, 2002.US Acquires UtahpU.S. wins Mexican War and the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo is signed which cedes Utah to the United States. [http://www.utah.org/history/ForKids/k1845.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002.Utah Territory OrganizedTThe Senate passed a bill providing for the organization of a Utah Territory (rejecting even the name Deseret and shrinking its presumptuous borders), and two days later the bill passed the House and was signed by Millard Fillmore on September 9. The Organic Act creating the territory formed the basis of government in Utah until statehood.yhttp://www.dced.state.ut.us/history/HistoryFacts/uhstruggle_for_st-hood.html Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002.Utah War]Soon after taking office, President Buchanan removed Brigham Young as governor of Utah Territory and sent a 2,500-man military force to accompany the new governor, Alfred Cumming, thus precipitating the so-called Utah War. The troops wintered at Camp Scott, Wyoming. When they finally marched through Salt Lake City on June 26, 1858, they found it abandoned by the Mormons. The army proceeded to a site 40 miles southwest of the capital where they built Camp Floyd. Cumming assumed office unchallenged and made peace with the Mormons. yhttp://www.dced.state.ut.us/history/HistoryFacts/uhstruggle_for_st-hood.html Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002.The Black Hawk Indian WaruMantiThis was the longest and most destructive conflict between pioneer immigrants and Native Americans in Utah history. Tensions had been mounting for years, and on this date bad feelings were transformed into violence when a handful of Utes and Mormon frontiersmen met to settle a dispute over some cattle killed and consumed by starving Indians. A Mormon lost his temper and violently jerked a young chieftain from his horse. The insulted Indian delegation, which included a dynamic young Ute named Black Hawk, abruptly left, promising retaliation. The years 1865 to 1867 were by far the most intense of the conflict. In the fall of 1867 Black Hawk made peace with the Mormons. Without his leadership the Indian forces, which never operated as a combined front, fragmented even further. The war's intensity decreased and a treaty of peace was signed in 1868. Intermittent raiding and killing, however, continued until 1872 when 200 federal troops were finally ordered to step in. ^http://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/b/BLACKHAWKWAR.html Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002. Butch CassidyBeaverWRobert LeRoy Parker was raised by Mormon pioneer parents on a ranch near Circleville, Utah. While a teenager, Parker fell under the influence of an old rustler named Mike Cassidy. Parker soon left home to ride the outlaw trail. He took the name "Butch"; and to not bring shame upon honest parents, he added the name Cassidy, most likely in respect for his old mentor. By 1896 his gang had dubbed themselves the "Wild Bunch." This gang consisted of several well-known Western outlaws including Harry Longabaugh, known as the Sundance Kid; Harvey Logan, alias Kid Curry; Ben Kilpatrick, the Tall Texan; Harry Tracy, Elzy Lay (who was Butch's best friend), and several others. Operating around the turn of the century, Cassidy and his partners put together the longest sequence of successful bank and train robberies in the history of the American West. ahttp://www.onlineutah.com/cassidyhistorybarton.shtml Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002.9Completion of the World's First Transcontinental RailroadI Promontory4The Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads met.Shttp://www.50states.com/facts/utah.htm Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002. Poland Act1`Poland Act passed in Congress making it legal to prosecute Mormon for practicing polygamy. [http://www.utah.org/history/ForKids/k1845.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002. Brigham Young University Founded ProvoFounded to provide religion-centered education to Mormon youth in central Utah, Brigham Young University has become the largest church-sponsored university in the United States.bhttp://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/b/BRIGHAMYOUUNIVER.html Taken from the Internet, February 17, 2002. Edmunds ActSIt made the offense of unlawful cohabitation much easier to prove than polygamy misdemeanor and made it illegal for polygamists or cohabitants to vote, hold public office, or serve on juries. It also provided for a five-man Utah Commission appointed by the president to supervise all aspects of the electoral process in Utah Territory. yhttp://www.dced.state.ut.us/history/HistoryFacts/uhstruggle_for_st-hood.html Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002."First Female United States SenatorzDr. Martha Hughes Cannon directed most of her efforts toward promoting public health. She introduced legislation providing for the education of deaf, mute, and blind children and for the creation of a State Board of Health. Naturally, Governor Heber M. Wells appointed her as an initial member of the newly created health board where she helped shape its purpose and direction.Uhttp://utahhistorytogo.org/mhcannon.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002.Becomes a StatePAfter many attempts to gain statehood (that were thwarted because of the Mormon practice of polygamy), Utah becomes the 45th state and Heber M. Wells is inaugurated as the first governor. http://www.utah.org/history/ForKids/k1845.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002 and http://www.dced.state.ut.us/history/HistoryFacts/uhstruggle_for_st-hood.html Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002.The Daughters of Utah PioneersGThe first formal meeting was held September 21, 1901 although the association was not incorporated until April 2, 1925. The constitution of the DUP states that the purpose of the organization is: "to perpetuate the names and achievements of the men, women and children who were the pioneers in founding this commonwealth: by preserving old landmarks, marking historical places, collecting artifacts and histories, establishing a library of historical matter, and securing manuscripts, photographs, maps, and all such data as shall aid in perfecting a record of the Utah pioneers." ]http://www.onlineutah.com/historydaughters.shtml Taken from the Internet, February 21, 2002.Civilian Conservation Corps/<This was created by President Roosevelt as one of his New Deal programs that would help lift the country out of its economic depression. The program employed more than 22,000 Utah citizens that would have otherwise been out of work. The program also pumped over $52,000,000.00 into the Utah economy. In its nine year run the CCC had 116 camps in the state and these camps performed a variety of tasks. They built roads, bridges, canals and reservoirs. They also worked on soil erosion and fire suppression. Thttp://utahhistorytogo.org/faskedq.html Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002.8First African-American Elected to Utah State Legislature%mOgden{The Reverend Robert Harris, a Democrat from Ogden, became the first African American elected to the Utah State Legislature.chttp://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/a/African_Americans.html Taken from the Internet, February 17, 2002.LDS Church Allows Black PriestsoThe First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued a letter announcing that the priesthood was open to "all worthy male members of the Church...without regard to race or color." This announcement had an immediate impact upon the status of blacks in the LDS Church, and it possibly portends well for the future status of all African Americans residing in the state of Utah. chttp://www.media.utah.edu/UHE/a/African_Americans.html Taken from the Internet, February 17, 2002.XIX Olympic Winter GamesSalt Lake CitySalt Lake City hosts the XIX Olympic Winter Games. Along with more than 2,000 athletes from 85 nations, the world will share in the drama and excitement of 75 medal events in 10 different sports. Shttp://www.50states.com/facts/utah.htm Taken from the Internet, February 19, 2002.*Handcart Pioneers Arrive in Salt Lake CitySalt Lake CityUThe first handcart company left Iowa City, Iowa. Later that year two handcart companies, captained by James G. Willie and Edward Martin, suffered tragedy due to an early winter. More that 200 in the two companies died along the trail. 24 Sep 1860 - The last of 10 groups of saints to cross the plains by handcarts entered the Salt Lake City.aDeseret News Church Almanac 1993-1994 ed. [Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret News 1992], page 344, 345