GLCEventAlice Winsor Hunt=a ProvidenceCNote3When she died in 1968, at the age of 96, Alice Winsor Hunt left a stunning legacy of reform. She had brought child labor laws to Rhode Island and had pushed to establish the state juvenile court. She had campaigned to abolish the sweatshop and to regulate working hours and wages for women and children. Xhttp://www.projo.com/special/women/94root19.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.American Civil WarlBhttp://www.us-civilwar.com/ Taken from the Internet July 3, 2001.American RevolutionO ZMBegan with the Declaration of Independence and ended with the Treay of Paris.[http://webpages.homestead.com/revwar/files/INDEX.HTM Taken from the Internet, July 3, 2001Became a StatecRhode Island withheld ratification until May 29, 1790, making it the last of the original thirteen states to join the new federal union. qhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt3.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.Europeans Revisith>Other significant visitations to Rhode Island were made and recorded. In that year John Smith of Virginia fame explored and charted the New England coast and bestowed upon this region its name, while Dutch mariner Adriaen Block, en route to the Hudson River, visited Block Island and immodestly named it for himself. Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.2First African-American President in the Ivy League Providence9Brown University makes history with the appointment of Ruth Simmons, the first African-American president in the Ivy League and the first woman to lead the university. Sheila Blumstein, a professor of cognitive and linguistic sciences, will continue as interim president until Simmons arrives July 1, 2001. http://providence.about.com/citiestowns/newenglandus/providence/library/weekly/aa110900a.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.First Baptist Church in America ProvidenceIn 1638, just two years after his arrival in Rhode Island, Roger Williams and a small group of followers founded the First Baptist Church in America.Brown University History. http://providence.about.com/citiestowns/newenglandus/providence/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brown.edu%2Fwebmaster%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2F Taken from the internet, June 27, 2001.First Black Army UnitR Portsmouth4Some slaves gained their freedom by enlisting in the famous Black Regiment of Rhode Island, when it was formed in the spring of 1778, the first black army unit in history. Fighting in the battle of Rhode Island in Portsmouth, they were part of what Lafayette described as the "best fought action of the war."Historical Highlights of Rhode Islands Black Community http://www.providenceri.com/ri_blackheritage/Historical_Highlights.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.First European VisitorCThe 1524 voyage of Italian navigator Giovanni Verrazzano stands as the first verifiable visit to Rhode Island by a European adventurer. Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.First Issue of Paper Money"Issuing paper "bills of credit" to be redeemed by taxes was first seen as a temporary wartime expedient. However, it proved so painless a way to stimulate production and trade and get taxes paid that it seemed foolish not to utilize it."eMcLoughlin, William G. Rhode Island: A Bicentennial History. New York: WW Norton & Co., 1978. p. 59First Newspaper_NewportBringing the first printing press to operate in the colony, James and Ann Franklin, launched the Rhode Island Gazette, the colony's first newspaper, on Sept. 27, 1732. The weekly newspaper was published for less than a year. Whttp://www.projo.com/special/women/94root3.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.First Permanent SettlementProvidence, RI Rhode Island's first permanent settlement (Providence Plantations) was established at Providence in 1636 by English clergyman Roger Williams and a small band of followers who had left the repressive atmosphere of the Massachusetts Bay Colony to seek freedom of worship.Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.First Successful US Cotton MillcPawtucket FallsWThe first successful U.S. cotton mill established by Samuel Slater and David Wilkinson.Whttp://www.rootsweb.com/~rigenweb/history.html Taken form the Internet, June 27, 2001.First White SettlerLonsdaleRhode Island got its first white settler - William Blackstone, an eccentric Anglican clergyman who built a home near Lonsdale on the banks of the river which came to bear his name. Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001. Flag Adopted1The flag of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations as it presently exists was formally adopted by the General Assembly at the January Session of 1897. Rhode Island was the third of the original thirteen colonies to formally adopt a State Flag, New Jersey and New York having done so in 1896.Phttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/riemb.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001. HurricanesM`O. On August 31, 1954, Hurricane Carol slammed Rhode Island with gusts reaching 115 miles per hour. Southern coastal areas were particularly hard hit. Almost 3,800 homes were destroyed and nineteen lives lost. The downtown area of Providence was inundated, with water reaching thirteen feet above mean high water level -- slightly less than a foot below the 1938 record. In all, property damage was estimated in excess of $90,000,000. Less than a year later, on August 19, 1955, Hurricane Diane brought the worst flooding in the state's history. More than six inches of rain wreaked havoc in the Blackstone Valley as all the dams on the Blackstone and Mill rivers were breached. Flood waters cut Woonsocket in half, leaving stores and homes under tons of mud. Losses there reached $170,000,000. Fears of recurrent deluges prompted Rhode Island voters to approve funding for the construction of a flood control system in Woonsocket and a hurricane barrier across the Providence River. Completed in 19qhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt8.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.Kennedy-Bouvier WeddingL Newport, RI On 12 September 1953, President John F. Kennedy (1917-1963), then a dashing young senator on-the-rise from Massachusetts, married Jacqueline Bouvier (1929-1994), a bright, witty, and stylish reporter for the Washington Times-Herald, who would later become one the most famous women in the world. The Kennedy-Bouvier wedding was the major social event of the year. Ten bridesmaids, fourteen ushers, and six hundred guests assembled in St. Mary's Church, Newport, Rhode Island, where Archbishop Richard Cushing (1895-1970) performed the ceremony.http://providence.about.com/citiestowns/newenglandus/providence/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Fammem%2Fmcc%3A%40field%28DOCID%2B%40lit%28mcc%2F074%29%29 Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.King Philip's War!The most important and traumatic event in seventeenth-century Rhode Island. This marked the culmination of a four-decade decline in Indian-white relations. The killing of King Philip in August 1676 by an Indian allied with the whites effectively ended the war.Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.Oldest Operating Tavern in USټNewportdThe White Horse Tavern was built in 1673 and is the oldest operating tavern in the United States. uRhode Island: Facts Facts and Trivia http://www.50states.com/facts/rdisl.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.Providence as sole capitalqhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt7.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001."Rhode Island Declares IndependenceO/Two full months before the other twelve of the thirteen original colonies did so, independence from the mother country - Great Britain - was formally declared by the General Assembly of the Colony of Rhode Island. This bold and brave historic action created the first free republic in the New World. Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001. Rhode Island Joins The Civil WarRhode Island, like every state in America, keenly felt the impact of the Civil War. This conflict many Rhode Islanders hoped to avoid. Yankee businessmen, especially those producing cotton textiles, had economic ties with the South, ties which war would (and did) disrupt. As some critics remarked, there seemed to be an unholy alliance between the "lords of the loom" (the cotton textile manufacturers) and the "lords of the lash," as the slaveholders were called. In addition, many foreign-born Irishmen, resentful that they needed land to vote while blacks were subjected to no such discrimination, had little sympathy for freeing those who could become their rivals for jobs on the lower rungs of the economic ladder. After the Confederate attack of April 12, 1861,on Fort Sumter, the local citizenry rallied behind their once conciliatory governor and rushed to the defence of Washington. President Lincoln issued his call for volunteers on April 15. Just three days later the "Flying Artillerqhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt5.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.Royal Charter of 1633ǃ Dr. John Clarke was commissioned to secure a document from the new king, Charles II, that would both be consistent with the religious principles upon which the tiny colony was founded and also safeguard Rhode Island lands from encroachment by speculators and greedy neighbors. He succeeded admirably. The royal charter of 1663 guaranteed complete religious liberty, established a self-governing colony with total autonomy, and strengthened Rhode Island's territorial claims. It was the most liberal charter to be issued by the mother country during the entire colonial era, a fact that enabled it to serve as Rhode Island's basic law until May 1843. The present name of the state, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, was officially adopted in the Royal Charter of 1663. Qhttp://www.state.ri.us/rihist/earlyh.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001. School ActLA system of free public education was established by the School Act of 1828.qhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt4.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.The destruction of HMS GASPEEJ Warwick, RIThe attack on the HMS Gaspee by RI patriots in 1772 was the first armed conflict leading to the American Revolution. The leader of the Gaspee attack was Abraham Whipple, a founding father of the US Navy. Xhttp://www.nuwc.navy.mil/hq/history/gaspee.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.The Emancipation Act7[With a preface invoking sentiments of Locke, that "all men are entitled to life. liberty, and property," the manumission measure gave freedom to all children born to slave mothers after March 1, 1784. Though an encouraging gesture, it was not a complete abolition of slavery, for it failed to require the emancipation of those who were slaves at the time of its passage. The emancipation act was followed by a concerted effort of Rhode Island reformers -- particularly the influential Quaker community -- to ban the slave trade. This agitation had a salutary result when the General Assembly enacted a measure in October 1787 which prohibited any Rhode Island citizen from engaging in this barbarous traffic. qhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt3.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.=The first woman to play against major league baseball playersOn Aug. 14, 1922, Lizzie Murphy played first base for the American League All- Stars in a charity game against the Boston Red Sox.Xhttp://www.projo.com/special/women/94root21.htm Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.The Great Textile Strike81This strike, which caused more damage and bloodshed than any other in the state's history, was not about wages, but was a result of a unionizing effort.eMcLoughlin, William G. Rhode Island" A Bicentennial History. New York: WW Norton & Co., 1978. p. 197 The RailroadCIn 1847 the first train ran over the Providence and Worcester line.qhttp://www.rilin.state.ri.us/studteaguide/RhodeIslandHistory/chapt5.html Taken from the Internet, June 27, 2001.Touro Synagogue= Newport, RI$The Touro Synagogue, the oldest in the United States, was dedicated on December 2, 1763, and built for a Dutch, Spanish and Portuguese Orthodox congregation. Architect Peter Harrison imported bricks from England in order to build a synagogue that resembled structures in Amsterdam and London.http://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowUrl/arg/a_pid.0/a_s.p/a_src.172530/a_geo.60978-Newport_Rhode_Island_United_States/a_detail.103119-Touro_Synagogue/a_travel.html Taken from the internet, June 27, 2001.