GL CEvent(Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery UCNotebhttp://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/6329/educ1.html Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001.American Anti-Slavery Society PhiladelphiadLucretia Mott, a Quaker preacher and teacher, was one of four women to participate at the formation.Nhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.American Civil WarlBhttp://www.us-civilwar.com/ Taken from the Internet July 3, 2001.American RevolutionO ZNBegan with the Declaration of Independence and ended with the Treaty of Paris.[http://webpages.homestead.com/revwar/files/INDEX.HTM Taken from the Internet, July 3, 2001Became a State#` PhiladelphiaThe conservatives in the Pennsylvania Assembly took swift action to call a ratifying convention, which met in Philadelphia on November 21. The Federalists, favoring ratification, elected a majority of delegates and, led by Wilson, made Pennsylvania the second state to ratify.Nhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Beginning of Penn StateIn 1855 the Commonwealth chartered the school at the request of the Pennsylvania State Agricultural Society. The goal was to apply scientific principles to farming, a radical departure from the traditional curriculum grounded in mathematics, rhetoric, and classical languages. Qhttp://www.psu.edu/ur/about/history.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Charter of PennsylvaniaKing Charles II owed William Penn 16,000, money which Admiral Penn had lent him. Seeking a haven in the New World for persecuted Friends, Penn asked the King to grant him land in the territory between Lord Baltimore's province of Maryland and the Duke of York's province of New York. With the Duke's support, Penn's petition was granted. The King signed the Charter of Pennsylvania on March 4, 1681, and it was officially proclaimed on April 2. The King named the new colony in honor of William Penn's father.Ohttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/quaker.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Conestoga Wagon+ LancasterThe covered wagon that became such an important part of this country's westward movement was actually invented in Pennsylvania. Near Lancaster, PA, is the Conestoga Valley, from where the wagon got its name. The Pennsylvania German wagon builders invented this unique wagon to fit the surrounding landscape around 1730. It is said that by 1750 there were seven thousand of these wagons in use. [http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/4547/wagon.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.!Federal Constitutional Convention~_ PhiladelphiaiThe Pennsylvania Assembly sent eight delegates to the Federal Convention. Four of these had been signers of the Declaration of Independence. The delegation included the venerable Benjamin Franklin, whose counsels of moderation on several occasions kept the convention from dissolving; the brilliant Gouverneur Morris, who spoke more often than any other member; and the able lawyer James Wilson, who, next to Madison of Virginia, was the principal architect of the Constitution. Pennsylvania's delegation supported every move to strengthen the national government and signed the finished Constitution on September 17.Nhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.First AssemblyMChesterIn 0ctober 1682, Penn visited Philadelphia, just laid out as the capital city, created the three original counties, and summoned a General Assembly to Chester on December 4. This first Assembly united the Delaware counties with Pennsylvania, adopted a naturalization act and, on December 7, adopted the Great Law, a humanitarian code which became the fundamental basis of Pennsylvania law and which guaranteed liberty of conscience.Ohttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/quaker.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.First Atomic Power PlantM ShippingportZAmerica's first atomic power plant was established at Shippingport in Western Pennsylvania_http://www.li.state.pa.us/dept/heritage/herit1941.html Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001. First Big MacM` PittsburghCreated by Jim Delligatti at his Uniontown McDonald's, the Big Mac debuted and was test marketed in three other Pittsburgh-area McDonald's restaurants in 1967. By 1968 it was a mainstay on McDonald's menus throughout the country and, eventually, the world. ahttp://pittsburgh.about.com/library/weekly/aa010801b.htm Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001.First Blacks at Penn State Philadelphia7Penn admitted one black student to the College, one to the Dental School and one to the Medical School. Two years later, James Brister became the first black to receive a degree in Dental Science from Pennsylvania. The first black woman to study at and graduate from the University was Ida E. Bowser, in 1889. [http://dolphin.upenn.edu/~pracpenn/pp02a_hist.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.First Permanent Settlement Tinicum IslandZThe Swedes were the first to make permanent settlement, beginning with the expedition of 1637-1638 which occupied the site of Wilmington, Delaware. In 1643, Governor Johan Printz of New Sweden established his capital at Tinicum Island within the present limits of Pennsylvania, where there is now a state forest natural area bearing his name. Ohttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/colony.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.First Polio VaccineK PittsburghThe polio vaccine was developed by Dr. Jonas E. Salk, a 38-year-old University of Pittsburgh researcher and professor, and his staff at the University of Pittsburgh. ahttp://pittsburgh.about.com/library/weekly/aa010801b.htm Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001.First Sale of Slaves PhiladelphiaThe British merchant ship Isabella landed at Philadelphia with a cargo that included 150 African slaves. They were immediately purchased by the local Quaker settlers, who were in need of manpower to help clear the land in the three year-old colony.chttp://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/6329/buying.html Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001.First State Constitution'PA state convention was called to meet on July 15, 1776. The convention superseded the old government completely, established a Council of Safety to rule in the interim, and drew up the first state constitution, adopted on September 28, 1776. This provided an assembly of one house and a supreme executive council instead of a governor. The Declaration of Rights section has been copied in subsequent constitutions without significant change. Nhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.First University in US3e PhiladelphiaIt started as "College, Academy and Charitable School of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania." In 1779, Pennsylvania's state legislature decided that the College was a hotbed of loyalism and tried to abrogate its charter. The provost and trustees of the College refused to be unseated. This forced the legislature to transfer the assets and property to a new board of trustees of a "University of the State of Pennsylvania." After a ten year legal battle, the College was allowed to reopen its doors in its old buildings. Meanwhile, the University continued down the block on Fifth and Chestnut Streets. This situation continued until 1791, when the two merged to form what we now know as the University of Pennsylvania, the first university in the United States. [http://dolphin.upenn.edu/~pracpenn/pp02a_hist.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Founding of Pittsburgh1bThe highly prized site that came to be Pittsburgh was chosen by one of the nation's greatest heroes, George Washington. Washington left a small group to build a fort, which was lost to the French. When the French-English war ended, the French left the fort and the British built Fort Pitt. The small village of "Pittsborough" soon grew around Fort Pitt._http://www.wqed.org/erc/pghist/units/WPAhist/wpa2.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.German Settlers PhiladelphiaThirteen families from Krefeld, Germany under the leadership of Francis Daniel Pastorius, founded the first German settlement in America, Germantown--today part of Philadelphia.Shttp://www.libertynet.org/gsp/history.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Great Depression*Stock Market crashed; Great Depression began; unemployment grew from 1.5 million in 1929 to 12 million in 1932. In Pennsylvania, by 1933, the Uniemployment rate was 37.1 %._http://www.li.state.pa.us/dept/heritage/herit1921.html Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001.Harrisburg becomes Capital)\http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/4547/trivia.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001. Iron Industry PhiladephiaPennsylvania's production of iron was notable even in colonial times, and the charcoal furnaces of the state spread into the Juniata and western regions during the mid-1800s. Foundries, rolling mills, and machine shops became numerous and, by the Civil War, the state rolled about half the nation's iron, aiding the development of railroads. The Baldwin Works were established in Philadelphia in 1842, and the Bethlehem Company was organized in 1862. The Cambria Works at Johnstown were established in 1854 and, by the end of the Civil War, were the largest mills in the country. William Kelly, a native of Pittsburgh, is regarded as the inventor of the Bessemer process of making steel. Nhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Johnstown Flood JohnstownQOne of the nation's greatest disasters took place. 2,209 people lost their lives._http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/4547/johnstown.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.KDKA PittsburgQThe first commercial radio broadcast station in the world was KDKA in Pittsburgh.Qhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/industry.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Pennsylvania Turnpiked7%:zThe first in the nation, and a prototype for the modern highways and interstate system of today. Legislation passed for its construction in May of 1937, and actual construction began on Oct. 27, 1938. In less than two years - Oct. 1, 1940 - it opened to traffic. The original segment was 160 miles long, stretching from Carlisle (near Harrisburg) to Irwin (near Pittsburgh). Zhttp://www.geocities.com/Heartland/4547/pike.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Philadelphia is Capital of USc rNhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001. Railroads?At first, trains were moved by horse power or cables. The Columbia and Philadelphia Railroad, completed in 1834 as part of the State Works, was the first ever built by a government. Major railroads chartered in the state included the Philadelphia and Reading (1833) and the Lehigh Valley (1846, reincorporated 1853). However, the most important of all was the Pennsylvania Railroad, chartered April 13, 1846, and completed to Pittsburgh by 1852. It absorbed so many short railroad lines by 1860 that it had nearly a monopoly on rail traffic from Chicago through Pennsylvania.Nhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/civil.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.The Smiley :-)r PittsburghzFirst internet "emoticon" - The smiley :-) created in 1980 by Carnegie Mellon University computer scientist Scott Fahlman.\http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/4547/trivia.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Whiskey Rebellioni1After Congress assumed all debt for the revolutionary war, it imposed a tax on whiskey to generate revenue. This tax was not appreciated by "westerners", who at that time were the people of Pennsylvania. Pennsylvanians revolted, but George Washington led an army into the state and put down the rebellion._http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/fall96/whiskey.html Taken from the Internet, July 12, 2001.Women Get the VotemThe General Assembly approved a women's suffrage amendment to the state's Constitution in 1913 and again in 1915, but Pennsylvania's male voters rejected the amendment by 55,000 votes. On June 4, 1919, the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was approved by Congress. Just 10 days later, Pennsylvania became the seventh state to ratify it. By August 1920, the amendment became law and women could vote. Qhttp://www.phmc.state.pa.us/industry.htm Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.Yardley Founded Prospect FarmFounded by William Yardley, who emigrated to America in July, 1682 with his family. He made an agreement with William Penn, before leaving England, to buy 500 acres for ten pounds. A survey was completed in October 1682, and the area William Yardley settled was called "Prospect Farm." It was located just outside of the present Yardley Borough. William Yardley and his family died in 1693, possibly of smallpox. Uhttp://www.bucksnet.com/yardley/history.html Taken from the Internet, July 10, 2001.